Hub vs Switch vs Repeater | LAN Devices Comparison/differences

What is Repeater in Computer networking?
Repeater is physical layer device, it works on the physical layer of OSI model. Repeater are used to amplify signal and it is actually a signal regenerator. The repeater extend the length of the LAN segment, provide the long distance communication. The most typical application of the repeater is to connect two or more segments of the Ethernet cable, its purpose is to extend the length of the network and however extension is limited.Active hubs are example of repeaters. They are the cheapest way to connect two or more computers together. In modern networks we are using the wifi repeaters.
Repeaters can be connected to the same transmission medium of the same LAN and also may connect different kind of LAN transmission medium (for example: coaxial cable with Ethernet).



What is Hub in Computer networking?

Hub are physical layer device and provide common connection points for multiple devices on Ethernet.Hub is pure hardware device and there is no system software. Hubs mainly used to connect computers and other network terminal within LAN.
In Hub bandwidth is shared, only one device can send the data at a time, all other devices must have to wait, once the sending is finished then the bandwidth used by the other devices. Thus the hub is consider to a network collision domain.

Hubs cannot determine the destination of the packet and type, so it forward broadcast packets, and all devices send data as a broadcast to each interface, so hub is consider as multiple broadcast domain.

Switch in Computer networking?

Switch works at the data link layer (second layer) of OSI model. Switch breaks Ethernet segment into multiple collision domains, each port/interface on the switch is a collision domain so device connected to switch does not conflict with other communication interfaces.
Switch is more intelligent device as compare to hub it has software or operating system. Switch forward the packets on basis of MAC address. Whenever switch forward the packets to some device on network it also stores its MAC address into its MAC address table and once the MAC address table is build up, next time data will not be sent as broadcast but sent to interface, saving the interface bandwidth.
End point switches not only can record the MAC address table, you can also divide VLAN (Virtual LAN) to isolate the broadcast, but also inter VLAN communication you need a router.


Difference between Hub and Switch:

Hubs are the pure hardware for connecting network terminal and cannot break collision domains and broadcast domains.
Switch: with software system used to connect to the network terminals, able to break collision domains, but not split broadcast domains

Following table provide us the quick comparison of each Network device:

Device
OSI Layer
Transparent
Or Protocol Aware?
Boundary
What It
Understands
Repeater

Physical Layer (Layer-1)

Transparent

Amplify
signal

Bits

Hub
Physical Layer (Layer-1)
Transparent

Amplify
signal

Bits

Bridge
Datalink Layer (Layer-2)
Transparent

Collision
domain

Frames

Switch
Datalink Layer (Layer-2)
Transparent

Collision
domain

Frames

Router
Network Layer (Layer-3)
Aware

Broadcast
domain
Packets

Layer 3
switch
Network Layer (Layer-3)
Aware

Broadcast
domain
Packets




Cisco ISR Vs ISR-G2 Features Comparison

Cisco Integrated Services Routers:
The Integrated Services Routers (ISR) is an integrated multi-service routers and is leading a new era of Cisco products, pioneered the ability to secure, wire-speed delivery of concurrent data, voice and video services routers, including new platforms and wireless services.

Cisco Integrated Services G2 Routers:

The Cisco ISR G2 router series has the intelligence and scale to transform service delivery for cloud, mobile devices, and multimedia applications, providing optimal user experience, exceptional security, and simplified operations. (Ref: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps10906/Products_Sub_Category_Home.html)


Features
Cisco ISR G2
Cisco ISR
Network processor
Multicore network processor with future expandability
Cisco ISR device normally have Single network processor
IOS image
Single universal IOS image
Multiple images
WAN performance
Up to 350 Mbps with services
Up to 45 Mbps with services
Redundancy
Field-upgradeable motherboard
Single motherboard
Service module
performance and
capacity
Up to 7X with dual core and 1 TB
storage
1X and 160 GB storage
Onboard DSPs
Voice- and video-ready DSPs
Voice only
Switch modules
Fast Ethernet/Gigabit Ethernet with
POE+ based on Catalyst
3560E/2950
Fast Ethernet with Power over
Ethernet (PoE); based on Catalyst
3750
Services delivery
Field-upgradeable motherboard
Hardware-coupled
Energy efficiency
Real-time power reporting
EnergyWise





Default Administrative Distances for IP Routes

What is Administrative Distance?
Administrative distance refers to a routing protocol routing credibility. Every routing protocol by low reliability, in turn assigned a trust level, the level of trust is called administrative distance.

List of Default Administrative Distances for IP Routes for Cisco Routers
Following is the complete list of administrative distances of all IP routes/links that a router uses to forwarding the IP packets.

IP Route
Administrative Distance
Connected interface

0
Static route directed to a connected interface

1
Static route directed to an IP address

1
EIGRP summary route

5
External BGP route

20
Internal EIGRP route

90
IGRP route

100
OSPF route

110
IS-IS route

115
RIP route

120
EGP route

140
External EIGRP route

170
Internal BGP route

200
Route of unknown origin

255



Huawei routers

Direct route 
0
IGRP
80
RIP
110
OSPF
150
BGP
170
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